Chisel Guide: Essential Woodworking Tools

Chisels are among the oldest tools still in daily use. Understanding different types and how to maintain them unlocks their full potential.

Chisel Types

Different chisels serve different purposes:

• Bevel-edge: Most versatile, access tight corners
• Firmer: Heavier, for general work
• Mortise: Thick, designed for mallet use
• Paring: Long, thin, for fine work

Size Selection

A useful starter set includes:

• 6mm (1/4") for small mortises and fine work
• 12mm (1/2") for general use
• 18mm (3/4") for wider cuts
• 25mm (1") for larger work

Handle Materials

• Wood: Traditional, comfortable, can split under heavy mallet use
• Plastic/composite: Durable, withstands striking
• Two-part: Soft grip with impact-resistant end

Sharpening Basics

Sharp chisels work better and more safely:

1. Flatten the back on coarse stone
2. Work through grits (240, 400, 1000, 4000+)
3. Maintain consistent bevel angle (25-30 degrees)
4. Strop for final polish

Honing guides help maintain angles while learning.

Using Chisels Safely

• Cut away from your body
• Keep both hands behind the cutting edge
• Secure the workpiece firmly
• Sharp chisels are safer than dull ones
• Never use damaged handles

Techniques

Basic chisel techniques:

• Paring: Thin shavings with hand pressure only
• Chopping: Mallet-driven cuts across grain
• Mortising: Combining chopping and levering
• Cleaning: Final passes for flat surfaces

Storage and Care

• Protect edges in a roll or rack
• Don't drop or throw chisels
• Keep lightly oiled to prevent rust
• Touch up edges regularly rather than major resharpening

Quality chisels from our hand tools range take and hold a good edge.